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Middle Ages (450-1450)
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Musicians
monks
church
musicians
troubadours, trouveres
meistersingers, minnisingers
Gregorian
Chant
Perotin (Late twelfth
century)
Guillaume de Machaut (c. 1300-1377)
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Historical and Cultural
Events
Sack of Rome by Vandals (455)
Reign of Pope Gregory I (590-604)
First Crusade (1096-1099)
Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris (1163)
King John Signs Magna Carta (1215)
Hundred Years' War (1337-1453)
Black Death (1348-1350)
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Renaissance
(1450-1600)
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Musicians
Guillaume Dufay (c.
1400-1474)
Josquin Desprez (c.
1440-1521)
Andrea Gabrieli (c. 1520-1586)
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina (c.
1525-1594)
Roland de Lassus (1532-1594)
William Byrd (1543-1623)
Giovanni Gabrieli (c. 1555-1603)
Thomas Morley
(1557-1603)
Thomas Weelkes (1575-1623)
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Historical and Cultural
Events
Fall of Constantinople (1453)
Columbus discovers America (1492)
Martin Luther's ninety-five theses (1517)
Council of Trent (1545-1563)
Elizabeth I, Queen of England (1558-1603)
Spanish Armada defeated (1588)
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Baroque
(1600-1750)
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Musicians
Claudio Monteverdi
(1567-1643)
Heinrich Schutz (1585-1672)
Jean-Baptiste Lully
(1632-1687)
Arcangelo Corelli (1653-1713)
Henry Purcell (c.
1659-1695)
Francois Couperin (168-1733)
Antonio Vivaldi
(1678-1741)
Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750)
George Frederic Handel (1685-1759)
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Historical and Cultural
Events
Jamestown founded (1607)
Louis XIV reigns in France (1643-1715)
Newton, Principia Mathematica (1687)
Louis XV reigns in France (1715-1774)
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Classical
(1750-1820)
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Musicians
Christoph Gluck (1714-1787)
Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach
(1714-1788)
Franz Joseph Haydn (1732-1809)
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
(1756-1791)
Ludwig van Beethoven
(1770-1827)
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Historical and Cultural
Events
Maria Theresa reigns in Austria (1740-1780)
Frederick the Great reigns Prussia (1740-1786)
Publication of the French Encyclopedia (1751)
Winckelmann's History of the Art of Antiquity
Louis XVI reigns in France (1774-1792)
American Declaration of Independence (1776)
French Revolution begins (1789)
Eli Whitney invents cotton gin (1792)
Napoleon becomes first consul of France (1799)
Battle of Waterloo (1815)
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Romantic
(1820-1900)
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Musicians
Carl Maria von Weber (1786-1826)
Gioacchino Rossini (1792-1868)
Franz Schubert (1797-1828)
Hector Berlioz
(1803-1869)
Fanny Mendelssohn (1805-1847)
Felix Mendelssohn (1809-1847)
Frederic Chopin
(1810-1849)
Robert Schumann (1810-1856)
Franz Liszt
(1811-1886)
Richard Wagner
(1813-1883)
Giuseppe Verdi (1813-1901)
Cesar Franck (1822-1890)
Anton Bruckner (1824-1896)
Bedrich Smetana (1824-1884)
Johannes Brahms (1833-1897)
Georges Bizet (1839-1881)
Modest Mussorgsky (1839-1881)
Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky
(1840-1893)
Antonin Dvorak (1841-1904)
John Philip Sousa (1854-1932)
Giacomo Puccini (1858-1924)
Gustav Mahler (1860-1911)
Richard Strauss
(1864-1949)
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Historical and Cultural Events
Revolutions in France, Belgium, Poland (1830)
First Reform Bill in Britain (1832)
Revolutions of 1848; Marx and Engels
The Communist Manifesto (1848)
Darwin's Origin of Species (1859)
American Civil War (1861-1865)
Franco-Prussian War (1870)
First exhibition of impressionists in Paris (1874)
Spanish-American War (1898)
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Twentieth
Century
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Musicians
Claude Debussy (1862-1918)
Scott Joplin (1868-1917)
Arnold Schoenberg
(1874-1951)
Charles Ives
(1874-1954)
Maurice Ravel
(1875-1937)
Bela
Bartok
Igor Stravinsky
(1882-1971)
Anton Webern
(1883-1945)
Bessie Smith (
1894-1937)
George Gershwin (1898-1937)
Paul Hindemith (1895-1963)
Duke Ellington (1899-1974)
Aaron Copland
Dimitri Shostakovich (1906-1975)
Benjamin Britten
(1913-1976)
Billie Holiday
(1915-1959)
Leonard Bernstein (1918-1993)
Charlie Parker (1920-1955)
George Crumb (b.
1929)
Philip Glass (b.
1937)
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Historical and Cultural Events
Freud
The Psychopathology of Everyday Life (1904)
Einstein, special theory of relativity (1905)
World War I
Russian Revolution begins (1917)
Women win voting rights in USA (1921)
Beginning of Great Depression
Franklin D. Roosevelt inaugurated (1933)
Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany (1933)
World War II (1939-1945)
Atomic Bomb destroys Hiroshima (1945)
Korean War begins (1950)
John F. Kennedy assassinated (1963)
American involvement in Vietnam increases
American astronauts land on moon (1969)
Resignation of Richard Nixon (1973)
End of Vietnam War (1975)
US and China establish diplomatic ties
Revolution in Iran (1979)
Ronald Reagan inaugurated (1981)
fall of the Berlin Wall
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All information from "Music and Musicians"
1994, Simon and Schuster
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