Theories of Economic Justice--Phi 335

Georgetown College:  Department of Philosophy--Spring 2006

Section A:  M/W/F 11a.m.-12p.m., PH 105

 

Instructor:  Brad Hadaway                                                                         

Office:  Pawling Hall 307                                  

Telephone:  863-8081 [O]  570-9537 [H]                      

Office Hours: MWF 1-2p.m.; Th 1-3p.m.; and by appointment

Email:  Bradford_Hadaway@georgetowncollege.edu                                 

Website:  http://spider.georgetowncollege.edu/philosophy/hadaway/index.htm

 

Course Description:  Introduction to contemporary theories of distributive justice and their application to the free market, welfare programs, and societal regulation of business.  3 credit hours

                                       

Course Objectives

Satisfaction of the course requirements will enable the student:

·         To gain an understanding of and to evaluate the variety of answers that have been given to the central moral and political questions raised by the presence of absolute poverty.

·         To gain a better understanding of the relationship between the normative judgments of moral philosophy and political philosophy.   

·         To gain an appreciation for influential contemporary philosophical texts.

·         To hone one’s skills in identifying and evaluating arguments.

·         To improve one’s ability to think and write clearly and critically.

·         To gain a more complete and refined understanding of one’s own moral and political thinking.

·         To clearly see the connection between philosophical thought and life’s ultimate questions.

 

Required Texts:

Arthur, John and William H. Shaw, eds.  Justice and Economic Distribution, 2nd ed.  Upper Saddle River,

NJ:  Prentice Hall, 1991. 

Several required articles have been placed on reserve in the Ensor Learning Resource Center.  (You may check those articles out for a period of two hours or you may photocopy the articles) 

 

Course Requirements

·         Attendance and class participation                           (5 or more unexcused absences hurt you) 

·         Seminar papers (1-2 pages)                                  25%

·         1 short paper (5-7 pages) or presentation               15%

·         1 longer paper (10-15 pages)                                 40%

·         Final exam (you write the questions)                     20%

 

Final Grading Scale:

A = 100-90; B = 89-80; C = 79-70; D = 69-60; F = 59 and below

**Note:  Scores for each individual assignment will be given as a letter grade [presentation, papers, exam] which will correspond to the following numerical score: 

A+ = 98; A = 94.5; A- = 91; B+ = 88; B = 84.5; B- = 81; C+ = 78; C = 74.5; C- = 71; D+ = 68; D = 64.5; D- = 61; F = 54.5

 

Attendance and Class Participation

You are allowed six unexcused absences before your grade is affected.  Beginning with the seventh unexcused absence, each missed class will incur a reduction in your final point total.  Every unexcused absence after six will mean a 1 point reduction in the final score.  For example, a student with 15 unexcused absences (roughly 1/3rd of the course) will have his or her final score reduced by 9 points. The final score can be further reduced if a student repeatedly demonstrates a lack of preparation for class.  I will assess your preparation by a method detailed in a handout entitled, "Seminar Papers and Preparing for Class Discussion." 

 

Seminar Papers

You will write at least five mini-papers in which you will (a) offer the beginnings of a critical assessment of an author's work, (b) work towards a greater understanding of a difficult concept, or (c) reflect more carefully upon an author's position.  See the “Seminar Papers and Preparing for Class Discussion” handout for more detailed information.

 

Short and Long Papers

Papers represent your chance to ‘do’ philosophy rather than merely ‘report’ on what other philosophers have said. Your short paper assignment  (should you choose this option) will present you with a challenge or question based upon the course material, and your paper will represent your best philosophical answer to the challenge or question.  Your long paper topic will be of your own choosing.  From the readings and class discussions from the first 12 weeks of class, you will construct a topic of genuine philosophical interest, do extensive research on that topic, and write a 10-15 page paper as the culmination of that research.   Both the short and long papers will be expository (carefully and completely setting out, explaining, and defending an argument) and critical (considering possible objections to the argument that you have set out).  Please refer to the piece, “Learning to Write an Excellent Philosophy Essay” before turning in your first paper, and look to the “Research in Philosophy” link prior to turning in your second.  Both links can be found on my website.  I will be in close consultation with you as you write your paper(s), and it is my hope that the result of our joint efforts will be a paper from your Georgetown career in which you have the most pride.  

 

Presentations

If this option is chosen, a student will present and defend his or her research during the last two weeks of the semester.  I will give more explicit directions about the nature of your presentation responsibilities during the course of the semester.  Note that if this option is chosen, the due date for the research paper will be Monday, April 17th by email AND under my office door by 5p.m.  

 

Final Examination

On or near the final day of class, we will write the exam questions together, and the exam will be given on its scheduled day.  The final will be an essay exam.  

 

Late Papers and Missed Examinations:

Late papers will NOT be accepted and examinations will NOT be taken late unless the instructor is informed ahead of time of a problem or there is a documented emergency [e.g. illness with Doctor’s note].  I cannot simply accept your word that you had an emergency.  I need to have some form of verification.  If you have not notified the instructor of a problem ahead of time or if you are unable to provide documentation of your emergency, you will receive a non-negotiable zero. Assignments can always be turned in or taken early.

 

Web Resources

During the course of the semester, I may make various resources for the class available on my website. In light of this fact, you are required to have some basic knowledge of the internet and access to the web.  As a Georgetown College student, you are automatically given an email address and access to the web.  If you have questions about how to receive your email address or how to access and use the web, please see me immediately.

 

IMPORTANT NOTES

·         If accommodations are needed for a disability, please notify me during the first class period or as soon as possible.

·         The Academic Honor Code must be observed in this course.  Please see the Student Handbook for details.  Any infraction of the Honor Code will result in a failing grade of ‘0’ for the plagiarized work, and depending upon the circumstances, further action could be taken through the appropriate administrative channels.  Please note that any papers turned in via email should be accompanied with a hard copy as soon as possible, but the work I receive via email will be what is graded.  I will have to assume that any plagiarism contained in “a draft sent by mistake” was intentional, and I will have to assume that you are sending the finished product.  So make sure you check the draft you send.   

·         Please note that the policies and course outline stated in this syllabus are subject to minor change.

 

Course Outline

I.  Course Introduction

            A.  Statement of the Problem

            B.  Ethical/Political Theory and Practical Problems

                        Suggested:

                        Pojman:  "Utilitarianism" (on reserve)

                        Holmes:  "Kantianism" (on reserve)

                        O'Neill:  "Kant and Utilitarianism Contrasted" (on reserve) 

 

II. Portraits of Poverty

            A.  MacLeod:  Ain't No Makin' It (selected readings)

            B.  Berrick:  Faces of Poverty (on reserve) 

                        Suggested:

                        Bray:  "So How Did I Get Here?

                        Ehrenreich:  Nickel and Dimed (on reserve)

 

III.  Do We Have a Moral Obligation to Help the Poor?  

            A.  Singer:  "Famine, Affluence, and Morality" and "Rich and Poor" (reserve)

            B.  Arthur:  "Rights and the Duty to Bring Aid" (reserve)

            C.  Hardin:  "Lifeboat Ethics:  The Case Against Helping the Poor"

                                 AND "Living on a Lifeboat" (both on reserve)

            D.  Van Wyk:  "Perspectives on World Hunger and the Extent of Our Positive Duties" (reserve)

            E.  O'Neill:  "Ending World Hunger"  (reserve)

            F.  Nell:  "Lifeboat Earth" (reserve)

            G.  Rachels:  "Killing and Starving to Death" (reserve)

            H.  Narveson:  "Feeding the Hungry" (reserve)

                        Suggested: 

                        Otteson:  "Limits on Our Obligation to Give" (reserve)

                        Cullity:  "International Aid and the Scope of Kindness" (reserve)

                        Murdoch and Oaten:  "Population and Food:  Metaphors and the Reality" (reserve)

                        May and LaFollette:  "Suffer the Little Children" (reserve) 

            **Short Paper Assignment**

 

IV.  Do We Have a Political Obligation to Help the Poor?

                        Suggested: 

                        Nathanson:  Economic Justice (on reserve)

                        Arthur/Shaw:  "On the Problem of Economic Justice" (Arthur and Shaw:  1-11)

 

            Liberalism

A.  Rawls: A Theory of Justice (Arthur and Shaw:  13-60) 

                        Suggested:

                        Cohen:  "Incentives, Inequality, and Community" (reserve)

           

Libertarianism  

            B.  Nozick:  Anarchy, State, and Utopia (Arthur and Shaw:64-102)

            C.  Murray:  "Choosing a Future" (reserve)

 

            Discussion of Liberalism and Libertarianism

            D.  Rachels: "What People Deserve" (Arthur and Shaw:136-148 and on reserve)

            E.  Singer:  "Rights and the Market" (Arthur and Shaw:198-211)

            F.  Sterba:  "From Liberty to Welfare" (reserve)

            G.  Machan:  "The Nonexistence of Basic Welfare Rights" (reserve)

            H.  Smart:  "Distributive Justice and Utilitarianism"  (Arthur and Shaw:106-117)

                        Suggested:

                        Hospers:  "What Libertarianism Is" (reserve)

                        Sterba:  "Global Justice" (reserve)

                        Shue:  "Solidarity Among Strangers and the Right to Food" (reserve)

                        O'Neill:  "Nozick's Entitlements" (reserve)

           

            Socialism and Egalitarianism

            I.  Marx and Engels:  "The Communist Manifesto" (reserve)     

J.  Nielsen:  "Radical Egalitarianism" (reserve)

            K.  Nell and O'Neill:   "Justice Under Socialism"  (reserve)

            L.  Rachels:  "Reflections on the Idea of Equality" (reserve)

            M.  Cohen:  "Robert Nozick and Wilt Chamberlain:  How Patterns Preserve Liberty"

                 (Arthur and Shaw:212-227)

            N.  Govier:  "The Right to Eat and the Duty to Work" (reserve)

 

            Communitarianism

            O. Walzer:  Spheres of Justice (Arthur and Shaw:272-303)

 

            **Long Paper Assignment** 

                        Please note that your long paper is assigned from the first day of class.  Though it is

                        often human nature to put things off until the last minute, it is recommended that you

                        not adopt this strategy for your long paper.  In fact, I strongly suggest that you try to

                        get a draft to me no later than April 19th, so that I can help you to identify potential

                        problem areas in your work.  The papers will be due on the last day of class,

                          May 3rd, unless you are doing a presentation on your research in which

                        case the paper will be due April 17th. 

 

            **Final Exam**        Tuesday, May 9th, 9-11a.m.